Differentiation of Responsibility for Laser Interference

Abstract

The article analyzes modern technological threats to aviation security, including the possibility of remote interference with aircraft control using readily available technical means. Special attention is paid to laser exposure to aircraft crews as one of the most common and illustrative forms of such interference. The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical basis for differentiating liability for interference with aircraft control in the context of evolving technological threats to aviation. Based on statistical and empirical data, the study substantiates the need to distinguish between technological impact and its consequences in the form of interference with aircraft control. The paper examines the problems of determining the point at which such acts are completed and the limits of criminal liability. It demonstrates that not every technological impact reaches a level of public danger warranting criminal-law assessment. In this regard, the article proposes a concept of differentiated liability based on the degree of public danger posed by the act and its consequences. This approach ensures a proportionate legal response and contributes to the effectiveness of law enforcement. The findings may be used to improve legislation and develop measures to prevent technological threats to aviation security.